THE SCLERA

When studying an eye, the sclera makes up the more than 80% of the eye. It is also known as the white of the eye and it is the protective outer layer of the human eye that consists of elastic fibre and collagen. Unlike other animals, the human sclera is white in colour hence easily contrasted with Iris.

Functions of Sclera

The sclera in conjunction with the Intraocular pressure of the eye (IOP), helps in maintaining the eye’s shape. The resilient sclera fibres help to shield the eye from damage, such as the ones caused by laceration or rupturing that is mainly a result of external trauma. Due to its avascular nature, however, it’s nourishment comes from the episclera vessels which are found on the thin loose tissue that covers it.

Conditions That Affect Sclera

Some of the conditions affecting the sclera include Scleral icterus which makes the white of the eye to appear yellow in colour. This condition is common to individuals suffering from hepatitis and other diseases that affect the liver. Blue Sclera makes the white of the eye appear bluish in colour. It is caused by the thinning of the sclera which causes the underlying choroid tissue to be visible through it.

Sclera in Summary

The sclera is an integral part of the eye that among other functions helps to maintain the shape of the eye while aiding the movements of the eye. The sclera sensitive nature makes it a good indicator of general body health and wellbeing, for instance, someone may be able to tell that you are tired because your eyes are bloodshot. So take good care of your eyes and note any prolonged changes in colour and texture of the sclera.